IBM plans artificial intelligence push
October 7, 2014 11:34 pm
IBM plans artificial intelligence push
By Richard Waters in New York
IBM is set to give a concerted push on Wednesday to the
artificial intelligence system it is relying on to help revive its flagging
growth and give it a new edge over rivals in the computing industry.
The US tech company plans to officially open a base for
the system, known as Watson, in New York’s Silicon Alley neighbourhood and show
off a range of examples in which the technology is already being applied in
industries like finance, healthcare and retailing.
However, its slow start in commercialising the technology
and the complexity of applying it in practical business situations has drawn
scepticism from some AI experts.
Watson was first shown off winning the US TV quiz show
Jeopardy nearly four years ago, demonstrating an ability to understand language
that many people working in the field considered years ahead of previous
systems.
The attention-grabbing stunt has also drawn scepticism,
with some experts arguing that the system’s use of massive number-crunching to
make statistical guesses amounted to a clever parlour trick rather than a true
breakthrough technology.
“Watson won Jeopardy, but does it know it won,” said Oren
Etzioni, head of an AI research effort funded by Microsoft co-founder Paul
Allen. “Would you let Watson be your doctor?” The technology was “a stunning PR
success”, he said, but: “If you take it any further, it falls flat on its
face.”
IBM executives, however, have argued that Watson’s value
lies in acting as a decision-support system for humans rather than a pure AI
replacement, making it widely applicable in many general business applications.
The system is already generating “significant revenues”,
said Stephen Gold, head of marketing for Watson, though IBM did not reveal
sales numbers. Ginni Rometty, chief executive, has prodded staffers to
accelerate commercialisation of the system as she looks for ways to rekindle
IBM’s growth, making Watson a key test of her leadership.
The Watson technology is “a great toolkit” of software
that needs a “team of experts to customise it” for different uses, making it
slow to implement, said Tim Tuttle, chief executive of Expect Labs, an AI
start-up in San Francisco. The system also needs to be “trained” on millions of
documents for each field in which it is applied, he added.
IBM executives concede that making practical uses out of
Watson’s head-turning Jeopardy win has been an arduous process, though they
claim that a greater use of automation has been reducing the amount of human
effort needed to apply it.
“There’s still work to do, certainly,” said Mr Gold. “The
effort expended earlier on was greater than it is today, and a year from now it
will be even less,” he said, with the time it takes for companies to write
applications for the technology falling by then from months to “weeks or even
days”.
Copyright The Financial Times Limited 2014.
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