US scientists announce 3D heart printing breakthrough
US scientists announce 3D heart printing breakthrough
August 1, 2019
Washington (AFP) - US scientists have successfully built
functional heart parts out of collagen using a 3D bioprinter, a breakthrough
they say could one day create entire organs.
Their technique, which was described in the journal
Science on Thursday, replicates the body's own complex biological scaffolds
that provide the structure and biochemical signaling organs need to function.
"What we were able to show was you can actually 3D
print a heart valve out of collagen, and they function," Adam Feinberg,
one of the paper's co-authors told AFP.
Previous attempts at printing these scaffolds, known as
extracellular matrices, had been hindered by limitations that resulted in poor
tissue fidelity and low resolutions.
Collagen, which is an ideal biomaterial for the task
since it is found in every tissue of the human body, starts out as a fluid and
attempting to print it resulted in puddle of jello-like material.
But the scientists at Carnegie Mellon University were
able to overcome these hurdles by using rapid changes in pH to cause the
collagen to solidify with precise control.
"That's the very first version of a valve, and so
anything that we engineer as a product will actually get better and
better," Feinberg said.
The technique could one day help patients awaiting heart
transplants, but it will need to be validated through animal testing and
eventually human.
"I think more near term is probably patching an
existing organ," such as a heart that has suffered a loss of function
through a heart attack, or a degrading liver, said Feinberg.
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