Court Rules Police Can Force Users to Unlock iPhones With Fingerprints, But Not Passcodes
Court Rules Police Can Force Users to Unlock iPhones With
Fingerprints, But Not Passcodes
Friday October 31, 2014 12:25 pm PDT by Juli Clover
A Circuit Court judge in Virginia has ruled that
fingerprints are not protected by the Fifth Amendment, a decision that has clear
privacy implications for fingerprint-protected devices like newer iPhones and
iPads.
According to Judge Steven C. Fucci, while a criminal
defendant can't be compelled to hand over a passcode to police officers for the
purpose of unlocking a cellular device, law enforcement officials can compel a
defendant to give up a fingerprint.
The Fifth Amendment states that "no person shall be
compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself," which
protects memorized information like passwords and passcodes, but it does not
extend to fingerprints in the eyes of the law, as speculated by Wired last
year.
Judge Steven C. Frucci ruled this week that giving police
a fingerprint is akin to providing a DNA or handwriting sample or an actual
key, which the law permits. A pass code, though, requires the defendant to
divulge knowledge, which the law protects against, according to Frucci's
written opinion.
The ruling stemmed from a case involving David Baust, who
was accused of strangling his girlfriend. Prosecutors believed Baust may have
stored video of the attack on his phone, and requested that the judge force him
to unlock it. If protected by a passcode, Baust will not be required to unlock
his phone under the Fifth Amendment, but if protected with a fingerprint, he
could potentially be forced to unlock the device.
If Baust's phone is an iPhone that's equipped with Touch
ID, it's very likely that it will be passcode locked at this point and thus
protected by law. Touch ID requires a passcode after 48 hours of disuse, a
restart, or three failed fingerprint entry attempts, and the device has
probably been in police custody for quite some time. It is unclear if the
judge's ruling will have an impact on future cases involving cellular devices
protected with fingerprint sensors, as it could be overturned by an appeal or a
higher court.
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